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Combining extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation for enhanced

Eniko Haaz, Botond Szilagyi, Daniel Fozer, Andras Jozsef Toth

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 913-927 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1877-1

摘要： The separation of non-ideal mixtures using distillation can be an extremely complex process and there continues to be a need to further improve these techniques. A new method which combines extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation (EHAD) and hydrophilic pervaporation (HPV) for the separation of non-ideal ternary mixtures is demonstrated. This improved distillation method combines the benefits of heterogeneous-azeotropic and extractive distillations in one column but no added materials are needed as is usually the case with pervaporation. The separation of water-methanol-ethyl acetate and water-methanol-isopropyl acetate mixtures were investigated to demonstrate the accuracy of the combined EHAD/HPV technique. There is not currently an established treatment strategy for the separation of the second mixtures in the literature. These separation processes were rigorously modelled and optimized using a professional flowsheet. The objective functions were total cost and energy consumption and heat integration was also investigated. The verification of the process modelling was carried out using laboratory-scale measurements. Extractive heterogeneous-distillation combined with methanol dehydration was found to be more efficient than conventional distillation for the separation of these highly non-ideal mixtures.

关键词： hydrophilic pervaporation     non-ideal mixture     modelling     extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation     heat integration    

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Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractivedistillation process

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 34-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2234-3

摘要： In the traditional extractive distillation process, organic solvents are often used as entrainers. However, environmental influence and high energy-consumption are significant problems in industrial application. In this study, a systematic screening strategy and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process was proposed. The innovative energy-saving design focused on the binary minimum azeotrope mixtures isopropanol and water. Miscibility, environmental impact and physical properties (e.g., melting point and viscosity) of 30 ionic liquids were investigated. 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide were selected as candidate entrainers. Feasibility analysis of these two ionic liquids was further performed via residue curve maps, isovolatility line and temperature profiles. An innovative ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process combining distillation column and stripping column was designed and optimized with the objective function of minimizing the total annualized cost. The results demonstrate that the total annualized cost was reduced by 19.9% with 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide as the entrainer and by 24.3% with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide, compared with that of dimethyl sulfoxide. The method proposed in this study is conducive to the green and sustainable development of extractive distillation process.

关键词： ionic liquid     entrainer screening     feasibility analysis     extractive distillation    

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Determination of a suitable index for a solvent via two-column extractive distillation using a heuristic

Zhaoyou Zhu, Guoxuan Li, Yao Dai, Peizhe Cui, Dongmei Xu, Yinglong Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 824-833 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1867-3

摘要： The traditional approach to solvent selection in the extractive distillation process strictly focuses on the change in the relative volatility of light-heavy components induced by the solvent. However, the total annual cost of the process may not be minimal when the solvent induces the largest change in relative volatility. This work presents a heuristic method for selecting the optimal solvent to minimize the total annual cost. The functional relationship between the relative volatility and the total annual cost is established, where the main factors, such as the relative volatility of the light-heavy components and the relative volatility of the heavy-component solvent, are taken into account. Binary azeotropic mixtures of methanol-toluene and methanol-acetone are separated to verify the feasibility of the model. The results show that using the solvent with the minimal two-column extractive distillation index, the process achieves a minimal total annual cost. The method is conducive for sustainable advancements in chemistry and engineering because a suitable solvent can be selected without simulation verification.

关键词： heuristic method     solvent selection     extractive distillation     total annual cost    

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Preparation of ultrafine α-AlO using precipitation-azeotropic distillation method

XIAO Jin, QIN Qi, ZHOU Feng, CHEN Yanbin, WAN Ye

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第2期   页码 226-231 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0029-y

摘要： Ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide (AACH) was prepared by a precipitation-azeotropic distillation method, which uses aluminum sulfate as the Al source and ammonium carbonate as the precipitant. Then, AACH was calcined into ultrafine ?-AlO powder. The factors that influence the dispersion property of ultrafine ?-AlO powder are discussed in this paper, such as the methods of adding materials, surfactant, and drying methods. The changes of the structure and property of ultrafine alumina in the thermal treatment process are also studied. The morphological structure and properties of AACH are characterized by DTA/TGA, SEM, XRD, and ICP measurements. The results show that ultrafine ?-AlO powder with a uniform particle size and well-distributed property can be synthesized only after aluminum sulfate atomizes into ammonium carbonate, proper amount of PEG1000 is added as the dispersant, and the product is treated by azeotropic distillation. The phase transformation of alumina during the calcination process can be described as amorphous AlO → ?-AlO → ?-AlO → ?-AlO. The crystal grain size and density of ultrafine alumina powder increase with the increase of the calcination temperature. After AACH has been calcined at 1200°C for 2 h, the ultrafine ?-AlO with uniform particle size, spherical shape, and more than 99.97% purity is obtained and its powder is well dispersed.

关键词： calcination temperature     spherical     AACH     carbonate hydroxide     ammonium carbonate    

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Energy-efficient recovery of tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate by triple-column extractive distillation

Ao Yang, Yang Su, Tao Shi, Jingzheng Ren, Weifeng Shen, Teng Zhou

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 303-315 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2044-z

摘要： An energy-efficient triple-column extractive distillation process is developed for recovering tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate from industrial effluent. The process development follows a rigorous hierarchical design procedure that involves entrainer design, thermodynamic analysis, process design and optimization, and heat integration. The computer-aided molecular design method is firstly used to find promising entrainer candidates and the best one is determined via rigorous thermodynamic analysis. Subsequently, the direct and indirect triple-column extractive distillation processes are proposed in the conceptual design step. These two extractive distillation processes are then optimized by employing an improved genetic algorithm. Finally, heat integration is performed to further reduce the process energy consumption. The results indicate that the indirect extractive distillation process with heat integration shows the highest performance in terms of the process economics.

关键词： extractive distillation     solvent selection     conceptual design     process optimization     heat integration    

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Methyl acetate–methanol mixture separation by extractive distillation: Economic aspects

Elena Graczová, Branislav Šulgan, Samuel Barabas, Pavol Steltenpohl

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 670-682 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1769-9

摘要：

Methyl acetate is considered low toxicity volatile solvent produced either as a by-product during methanol carbonylation or via acetic acid esterification with methanol. In both cases, pure methyl acetate has to be isolated from the reaction mixture. Simulation of methyl acetate separation from its mixture with methanol by extraction distillation was carried out in ASPEN+ software. In total three case studies were assumed using two different extraction solvents and two solvent regeneration strategies. In case A, novel extraction solvent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ionic liquid, was considered. Raw material separation was achieved in an extraction distillation column while the solvent regeneration was accomplished in a second distillation column in this case. In case study B, the same extraction solvent was used; however, its regeneration was carried out in a single-effect evaporator. Dimethyl sulfoxide was the second extraction solvent selected. Its use in methyl acetate-methanol separation is presented in case study C. As high purity of dimethyl sulfoxide was required for the methyl acetate-methanol azeotrope breaking, its regeneration was carried out in the second distillation column only. To simulate the ternary methyl acetate–methanol–extraction solvent mixtures separation, vapor–liquid equilibrium was predicted based on the NRTL equation. Further, unknown properties of the considered ionic liquid and variation of these properties with temperature were predicted and introduced into the ASPEN+ components properties database. Based on these data, optimum operation parameters of the respective separation equipment were established. In all case studies, the same condition had to be fulfilled, namely minimum methyl acetate content in the distillate from the extraction distillation column of 99.5mol-%. Results of simulations using the respective optimum operation parameters were employed in the economic evaluation of the three separation unit designs studied. It was found that the least energy-demanding design corresponds to the case study B in terms of both capital as well as operation expenses.

关键词： methyl acetate     1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate     extraction distillation     dimethyl sulfoxide     economic evaluation    

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Optimal design of extractive dividing-wall column using an efficient equation-oriented approach

Yingjie Ma, Nan Zhang, Jie Li, Cuiwen Cao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 72-89 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1977-y

摘要： The extractive dividing-wall column (EDWC) is one of the most efficient technologies for separation of azeotropic or close boiling-point mixtures, but its design is fairly challenging. In this paper we extend the hybrid feasible path optimisation algorithm (Ma Y, McLaughlan M, Zhang N, Li J. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2020, 143: 107058) for such optimal design. The tolerances-relaxation integration method is refined to allow for long enough integration time that can ensure the solution of the pseudo-transient continuation simulation close to the steady state before the required tolerance is used. To ensure the gradient and Jacobian information available for optimisation, we allow a relaxed tolerance for the simulation in the sensitivity analysis mode when the simulation diverges under small tolerance. In addition, valid lower bounds on purity of the recycled entrainer and the vapour flow rate in column sections are imposed to improve computational efficiency. The computational results demonstrate that the extended hybrid algorithm can achieve better design of the EDWC compared to those in literature. The energy consumption can be reduced by more than 20% compared with existing literature report. In addition, the optimal design of the heat pump assisted EDWC is achieved using the improved hybrid algorithm for the first time.

关键词： design     extractive dividing-wall column     equation-oriented optimisation     pseudo-transient continuation model     hybrid algorithm    

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Extractive desulfurization of model fuels with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ionic liquid

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1735-1742 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2167-x

摘要： A nitrogen-containing ionic liquid was synthesized using an aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic and an amino acid, and applied to the extractive desulfurization process to remove benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiphene from a model fuel oil. Chemical characterizations and simulation using Gaussian 09 software confirmed the rationality of an ionic liquid structure. Classification of non-covalent interactions between the ionic liquid and the three sulfur-containing contaminants was studied by reduced density gradient analysis. The viscosity of the ionic liquid was adjusted by addition of polyethylene glycol. Under extraction conditions of the volume of ionic liquid to oil as 1:1 and temperature as room temperature, the desulfurization selectivity of ionic liquid followed the order of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiphene (15 min) < benzothiophene (15 min) ≈ dibenzothiophene (10 min). Addition of p-xylene and cyclohexene to the fuel oil had little effect. The extractant remained stable and effective after multiple regeneration cycles.

关键词： extractive desulfurization     nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ionic liquid     reduced density gradient analysis     desulfurization selectivity    

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A novel method for generating distillation configurations

Hongzhe Hou, Yiqing Luo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 834-846 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1855-7

摘要： An improved matrix method for generating distillation configurations with ( −1) and less than ( −1) columns was proposed for the separation of an -component mixture into essentially pure product streams based on the concepts of streams matrix and 0–1 matrixes proposed by Agrawal. In contrast with the matrix method developed by Agrawal, the present method removes the intermediate process centered on the splits, and complex column configurations, allowing the direct generation of multi-feeds and multi-product streams. Furthermore, certain configurations that cannot be generated directly and that are missing in the matrix method are obtained. Through rigorous simulations and optimization, we have demonstrated that these configurations have the potential to outperform certain existing configurations.

关键词： non-sharp separation     multicomponent distillation     distillation configurations    

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联邦相互学习：一种针对异构数据、模型和目标的协同机器学习方法 Research Article

沈弢1,张杰2,贾鑫康2,张凤达1,吕喆奇1,况琨1,吴超3,吴飞1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第24卷 第10期   页码 1390-1402 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2300098

摘要： 联邦学习（FL）是深度学习中的一种新技术，可以让客户端在保留各自隐私数据的情况下协同训练模型。然而，由于每个客户端的数据分布、算力和场景都不同，联邦学习面临客户端异构环境的挑战。现有方法（如FedAvg）无法有效满足每个客户的定制化需求。为解决联邦学习中的异构挑战，本文首先详述了数据、模型和目标（DMO）这3个主要异构来源，然后提出一种新的联邦相互学习（FML）框架。该框架使得每个客户端都能训练一个考虑到数据异构（DH）的个性化模型。在模型异构（MH）问题上，引入一种“模因模型”作为个性化模型与全局模型之间的中介，并且采用深度相互学习（DML）的知识蒸馏技术在两个异构模型之间传递知识。针对目标异构（OH）问题，通过共享部分模型参数，设计针对特定任务的个性化模型，同时，利用模因模型进行相互学习。本研究通过实验评估了FML在应对DMO异构性方面的表现，并与其他常见FL方法在相似场景下进行对比。实验结果表明，FML在处理FL环境中的DMO问题的表现卓越，优于其他方法。

关键词： 联邦学习；知识蒸馏；隐私保护；异构环境    

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A review on membrane distillation in process engineering: design and exergy equations, materials and

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 592-613 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2105-3

摘要： One of the problems that most afflicts humanity is the lack of clean water. Water stress, which is the pressure on the quantity and quality of water resources, exists in many places throughout the World. Desalination represents a valid solution to the scarcity of fresh water and several technologies are already well applied and successful (such as reverse osmosis), producing about 100 million m3·d−1 of fresh water. Further advances in the field of desalination can be provided by innovative processes such as membrane distillation. The latter is of particular interest for the treatment of waste currents from conventional desalination processes (for example the retentate of reverse osmosis) as it allows to desalt highly concentrated currents as it is not limited by concentration polarization phenomena. New perspectives have enhanced research activities and allowed a deeper understanding of mass and heat transport phenomena, membrane wetting, polarization phenomena and have encouraged the use of materials particularly suitable for membrane distillation applications. This work summarizes recent developments in the field of membrane distillation, studies for module length optimization, commercial membrane modules developed, recent patents and advancement of membrane material.

关键词： membrane distillation     recent developments     heat and mass transfer     wetting     membrane material    

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The use of carbon nanomaterials in membrane distillation membranes: a review

Sebastian Leaper, Ahmed Abdel-Karim, Patricia Gorgojo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 755-774 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1993-y

摘要： Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermal-based separation technique with the potential to treat a wide range of water types for various applications and industries. Certain challenges remain however, which prevent it from becoming commercially widespread including moderate permeate flux, decline in separation performance over time due to pore wetting and high thermal energy requirements. Nevertheless, its attractive characteristics such as high rejection (ca. 100%) of non-volatile species, its ability to treat highly saline solutions under low operating pressures (typically atmospheric) as well as its ability to operate at low temperatures, enabling waste-heat integration, continue to drive research interests globally. Of particular interest is the class of carbon-based nanomaterials which includes graphene and carbon nanotubes, whose wide range of properties have been exploited in an attempt to overcome the technical challenges that MD faces. These low dimensional materials exhibit properties such as high specific surface area, high strength, tuneable hydrophobicity, enhanced vapour transport, high thermal and electrical conductivity and others. Their use in MD has resulted in improved membrane performance characteristics like increased permeability and reduced fouling propensity. They have also enabled novel membrane capabilities such as fouling detection and localised heat generation. In this review we provide a brief introduction to MD and describe key membrane characteristics and fabrication methods. We then give an account of the various uses of carbon nanomaterials for MD applications, focussing on polymeric membrane systems. Future research directions based on the findings are also suggested.

关键词： carbon nanomaterials     graphene     membrane distillation     desalination     carbon nanotubes    

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Design and optimization of reactive distillation: a review

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 799-818 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2128-9

摘要： Reactive distillation process, a representative process intensification technology, has been widely applied in the chemical industry. However, due to the strong interaction between reaction and separation, the extension of reactive distillation technology is restricted by the difficulties in process analysis and design. To overcome this problem, the design and optimization of reactive distillation have been widely studied and illustrated for plenty of reactive mixtures over the past three decades. These design and optimization methods of the reactive distillation process are classified into three categories: graphical, optimization-based, and evolutionary/heuristic methods. The primary objective of this article is to provide an up-to-date review of the existing design and optimization methods. Desired and output information, advantages and limitations of each method are stated, the modification and development for original methodologies are also reviewed. Perspectives on future research on the design and optimization of reactive distillation method are proposed for further research.

关键词： reactive distillation     process intensification     design method     reactive phase diagram     optimization algorithm    

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CFD simulation on membrane distillation of NaCl solution

Zhaoguang XU, Yanqiu PAN, Yalan YU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 293-297 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0204-7

摘要： A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation that coupled an established heat and mass transfer model was carried out for the air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD) of NaCl solution to predict mass and heat behaviors of the process. The effects of temperature and flowrate on fluxes were first simulated and compared with available experimental data to verify the approach. The profiles of temperature, temperature polarization factor, and mass flux adjacent to the tubular carbon membrane surface were then examined under different feed Reynolds number in the computational domain. Results show that the temperature polarization phenomena can be reduced, and mass flux can be enhanced with increase in the feed Reynolds number.

关键词： membrane distillation     computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation     temperature polarization     carbon membrane    

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清洁高效的提取冶金——矿浆电解

邱定蕃

《中国工程科学》 1999年 第1卷 第1期   页码 67-72

摘要：

环境污染和能源短缺是重有色金属冶炼的两大障碍。在对重有色金属湿法冶金存在主要问题进行分析的基础上研究成功的矿浆电解新技术，是一种清洁、高效的提取冶金。它具有流程短、能耗低、金属分离好和环境污染少等特点。矿浆电解的显著特点是充分利用了电积过程的阳极反应来浸出矿石，工艺能耗大大降低；在电解槽中硫化物转化为元素硫，而不产生硫酸，有利于环境保护。文章描述了国内外矿浆电解技术的发展过程及我国建立的世界上第一个矿浆电解工业生产厂的概况，指出我国在该领域处于世界领先地位和矿浆电解技术具有很好的前景。

关键词： 重有色金属     湿法冶金     矿浆电解     提取冶金    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Combining extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation for enhanced

Eniko Haaz, Botond Szilagyi, Daniel Fozer, Andras Jozsef Toth

期刊论文

Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractivedistillation process

期刊论文

Determination of a suitable index for a solvent via two-column extractive distillation using a heuristic

Zhaoyou Zhu, Guoxuan Li, Yao Dai, Peizhe Cui, Dongmei Xu, Yinglong Wang

期刊论文

Preparation of ultrafine α-AlO using precipitation-azeotropic distillation method

XIAO Jin, QIN Qi, ZHOU Feng, CHEN Yanbin, WAN Ye

期刊论文

Energy-efficient recovery of tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate by triple-column extractive distillation

Ao Yang, Yang Su, Tao Shi, Jingzheng Ren, Weifeng Shen, Teng Zhou

期刊论文

Methyl acetate–methanol mixture separation by extractive distillation: Economic aspects

Elena Graczová, Branislav Šulgan, Samuel Barabas, Pavol Steltenpohl

期刊论文

Optimal design of extractive dividing-wall column using an efficient equation-oriented approach

Yingjie Ma, Nan Zhang, Jie Li, Cuiwen Cao

期刊论文

Extractive desulfurization of model fuels with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ionic liquid

期刊论文

A novel method for generating distillation configurations

Hongzhe Hou, Yiqing Luo

期刊论文

联邦相互学习：一种针对异构数据、模型和目标的协同机器学习方法

沈弢1,张杰2,贾鑫康2,张凤达1,吕喆奇1,况琨1,吴超3,吴飞1

期刊论文

A review on membrane distillation in process engineering: design and exergy equations, materials and

期刊论文

The use of carbon nanomaterials in membrane distillation membranes: a review

Sebastian Leaper, Ahmed Abdel-Karim, Patricia Gorgojo

期刊论文

Design and optimization of reactive distillation: a review

期刊论文

CFD simulation on membrane distillation of NaCl solution

Zhaoguang XU, Yanqiu PAN, Yalan YU

期刊论文

清洁高效的提取冶金——矿浆电解

邱定蕃

期刊论文